Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a chemical compound that is introduced into food for the food production, processing, packaging and preservation. In many countries it is known that participation in gardens is prohibited and causes food production costs to be lowered even though it is restricted, so it can be informally involved in food and it is known that microorganisms breeding in food and causing deterioration cause increase in H2O2 in food. It has been reported that a considerable decrease in the quality of H2O2 food, which is present in high quantities in potatoes, leads to loss of vitamins and especially poisoning and cancer. For this reason, it is very important to determine the peroxide level in ppm scale in foods at the residual level. In this study; we aimed to determine hydrogen peroxide using nano-iron-oxide (Fe3O4) synthesized by green synthesis method. For this purpose, we determined that hydrogen peroxide determination at 0.15-12.5 mm level can be done linearly by using the reaction that nano-iron-oxide (Fe3O4) shows peroxidase enzyme like properties.

As an emphasis on the synergistic interaction of nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology, nanoparticles need to develop environmentally benign technologies in the synthesis of biosynthesis and nanomaterials. Microorganisms, plants and fungi can be used as biodegradable agent material in this field work. Thus, it was possible to develop a simple, fast and green method for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Various strategies are used for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Traditionally, physicochemical techniques have increased environmental concerns due to the reduction of metal ions followed by surface modification, toxic compounds added for stability, and dangerous byproducts formed. At the time of nanoparticle synthesis by adding chemical and physical methods at high temperature and pressure, reducing and stabilizing agents; nanoparticle synthesis by biological methods; room temperature and pressure, reducing and stabilizing agents are needed. Green synthesis method; provides a faster metallic nanoparticle production by offering an environmentally friendly, simple, economical and reproducible approach. Given the wide range of applications of metallic nanoparticles produced, biological methods play a major role in the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles.

Nutrition is not to suppress feelings of hunger, to feed your stomach, or to eat what you eat. Nutrition; is to be able to receive adequate amounts of nutrients that are needed by the body to maintain and improve quality of life. Adequate and balanced nutrition is healthy nutrition. Nourishment requires a large number of food items for human life. The functions of each food item found in foods are different from each other. When any of these items are not taken, are taken less or more than necessary, malnutrition occurs and as a result, growth and development are prevented and health deteriorates. For this reason, it has been determined how much food should be taken daily from each of the food items. In fact, we need to know very well the nutrients found in their structures and their functions in our metabolism as they consume nutrients. In this review, macronutrients and micronutrients, their properties and their metabolic significance are explained.

LPG is the second most commonly used fuel in the world in spark-ignition engines after gasoline. It has a wider operating range than gasoline and less harmful exhaust emissions are produced. However, when LPG is used as fuel instead of gasoline, the engine output power reduces approximately 5-10%. This is because, LPG occupies 15-20% a larger volume (compared to gasoline) in intake manifold. Since this lowers the energy density of the fuel-air mixture, power output of the engine reduces in parallel to the reduction in the amount of energy drawn into the cylinder at each cycle. Another parameter that reduces energy density hence the volumetric efficiency is the increase of the charge temperature of fuel-air mixture. Increase in the temperature of mixture causes decrease in the energy density in intake manifold and thus causes reduction in engine performance. In this study, an experimental system has been established to investigate the effect of LPG fuel temperature on engine performance and exhaust emissions. Experiments carried out in high speed under high load shown that, with increase in the LPG fuel temperature at regulator outlet; engine output power reduced by nearly 1.85% while NO emission increased by 7%.

In this study, protease enzyme was purified and characterized from oleander (Nerium oleander) flowers collected from Mugla countryside in June-September period. Protease catalyzes the hydrolysis of proteins to peptides and amino acids. It is one of the most important enzyme groups in both industrial and biochemical applications. Using the TPP method, the protease enzyme from oleander flowers (white, pink and red) was obtained in order of high efficiency. Optimum pH and optimum temperature for enzyme, KM and Vmax values for casein substrates were determined. SDS-PAGE was used to control the purity of the protease enzyme purified from oleander flowers. The molecular weight of protease enzyme purified from oleander flowers was determined by gel filtration chromatography to be white oleander 40,537 kea pink oleander 21,386 kDa and 22,516 kDa.